KPV is a tripeptide made of three amino acids- Lysine, Proline, and Valine
In other words, the enzyme that destroys the natural painkillers and anti-anxiety brain chemicals called enkephalins is blocked by Semax, which has been independently proven to reduce anxiety and, therefore, likely decrease cortisol
This combination has been investigated in Phase 3 clinical research for its proposed dual-pathway modulation involving amylin and incretin systems
It presents with a broad clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic or non-specific symptoms, such as fatigue or lightheadedness, to severe manifestations, including nausea, vomiting, alteration of consciousness, and even coma, which can be life-threatening 3,4
Specifically, in ischemic/high-ROS environments, BACH1 tends to be degraded and acts to suppress angiogenesis by inhibiting the Wnt/-catenin signaling pathway and recruiting HDAC1, among other mechanisms